Machu Picchu, one of the New Seven Wonders of the World, is a must-visit destination for any traveler exploring Peru. In 2024, the Peruvian government has introduced new circuit routes to make your visit even better and help protect this amazing archaeological site.
These new paths guide you through the ruins, helping to keep the site safe while you enjoy the stunning views, rich history, and vibrant culture of the Incas. In this guide, we’ll break down each circuit, describe what you’ll see, and help you decide which route suits you best.
Why did Machu Picchu Introduce New Circuits?
Preventing Deterioration of the Site
Machu Picchu is over 600 years old, and while Inca engineering is remarkable, the ruins are still vulnerable to wear and tear. The constant foot traffic, moisture from human presence, and physical contact with the stones have accelerated the erosion of pathways and key structures.
Examples of damage caused by mass tourism
The Temple of the Sun has suffered gradual stone displacement due to visitors walking in delicate areas. The Intihuatana Stone, an important ritual site, has been worn down over time by people touching it (which is now strictly forbidden).
The Inca terraces and pathways have been affected by soil compaction and excessive use. By creating separate circuits, authorities can spread out visitors across different areas, reducing foot traffic in high-risk zones and minimizing the impact on the ruins.
Managing Overcrowding and Improving Visitor Flow
Before the new circuit system, thousands of tourists entered the site at the same time, leading to congestion in narrow pathways and popular viewpoints. According to guides and visitors, people waited for long times to enter key attractions like the Temple of the Condor and the Main Plaza.
The iconic photo spot was overcrowded, which made it difficult to see and enjoy the scenery. Visitors used to walk in random directions, causing traffic jams and confusion. With the new system, visitors must follow a designated route, ensuring a smoother and more organized experience. This prevents bottlenecks and allows each traveler to appreciate the site more peacefully.
Enhancing the Tourist Experience
By creating different circuits, authorities have also designed specialized experiences for different types of travelers. If you want the best panoramic views, Circuit 1 offers high-altitude hikes to Machu Picchu Mountain and the Sun Gate.
Ifn case you’re more interested in Inca history, Circuit 2 allows you to explore the urban and religious sectors. If you prefer a sacred and exclusive route, Circuit 3 takes you to royal Inca sites. This new system ensures that each visitor gets a more tailored experience, rather than everyone following the same crowded path.
Protecting the Natural Environment: Machu Picchu is not only an archaeological wonder but also part of a fragile ecosystem within the Andean cloud forest. Increased tourism has led to environmental issues such as:
Soil erosion on hiking trails.
Litter and waste management challenges.
Disturbance of wildlife (e.g., Andean spectacled bears and native birds).
By limiting visitor movement and spreading people across different circuits, authorities are reducing environmental stress on the region.
Complying with UNESCO Conservation Guidelines
Machu Picchu is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, which means Peru has a responsibility to preserve it for future generations. In recent years, UNESCO expressed concerns about the impact of uncontrolled tourism, even considering placing Machu Picchu on its “Endangered Sites” list if conservation efforts were not improved.
The new circuit system is part of Peru’s response to UNESCO’s recommendations, ensuring that Machu Picchu remains protected while still allowing tourism to thrive.
Adapting to Post-Pandemic Regulations
After the COVID-19 pandemic, the Peruvian government initially restricted visitor capacity for health and safety reasons. These measures highlighted the benefits of a more structured approach to tourism. The new circuits build on this system, permanently controlling crowd size while maintaining safety and comfort.
New Circuits Overview
Machu Picchu now features three main circuits, each with distinct experiences and difficulty levels:
1. Circuit 1: Panoramic Circuit – Perfect for those seeking stunning views and scenic hikes.
2. Circuit 2: Inca City Circuit – Ideal for history lovers wanting to explore the heart of the ruins.
3. Circuit 3: Royalty Circuit – A route focusing on sacred and exclusive areas of the site.
Some routes are available year-round, while others operate only during the high season (June 1 – October 15).
Circuit 1: Panoramic Circuit (For Breathtaking Views)
This circuit is ideal for travelers who want spectacular aerial views of Machu Picchu. While it provides less access to the urban sector, it offers an unforgettable experience for photography lovers and adventurers.
Route 1-A: Machu Picchu Mountain Route
Difficulty: High
Duration: ~4 hours
What You’ll See:
A 360° panoramic view of Machu Picchu from 3,082 meters (10,111 feet).
Less crowded alternative to the Wayna Picchu hike.
Stunning sunrise views over the ruins.
This is one of the most challenging hikes in Machu Picchu, but the reward is aerial views unlike any other.
Route 1-B: Upper Terrace Route
Difficulty: Easy
Duration: ~1 hour
What You’ll See:
✔ The classic postcard view of Machu Picchu from the terraces.
✔ A great option for visitors with limited mobility or time.
This route is perfect for travelers who want iconic photos without extensive hiking.
Route 1-C: Intipunku (Sun Gate) Route (High Season Only)
Difficulty: Moderate
Duration: ~3 hours round trip
What You’ll See:
✔ Intipunku (Sun Gate), the original entrance for Inca pilgrims.
✔ Stunning views of the citadel from above.
This is a historically significant route, as it was the final stop for Inca Trail hikers before reaching Machu Picchu.
Route 1-D: Inca Bridge Route (High Season Only)
Difficulty: Easy to Moderate
Duration: ~1 hour round trip
What You’ll See:
✔ The Inca Bridge, a defensive wooden bridge built on a sheer cliff.
✔ A fascinating insight into Inca engineering and military strategy.
This route offers a unique historical perspective with a light hike.
Circuit 2: Inca City Circuit (The Heart of Machu Picchu)
For those who want a deep dive into the history and architecture of Machu Picchu, this is the best circuit.
Route 2-A: Classic Designed Route
Difficulty: Moderate
Duration: ~2.5 hours
What You’ll See:
✔ The Main Square, where religious and political ceremonies took place.
Temple of the Three Windows, featuring advanced stonework.
✔ The Sacred Rock, an important spiritual site.
This is the best option for first-time visitors who want to see Machu Picchu’s most iconic structures.
Route 2-B: Lower Terrace Route
Difficulty: Easy
Duration: ~1.5 hours
What You’ll See:
✔ A different perspective of the urban sector from lower terraces.
✔ A more relaxed route with easy walking.
This route is ideal for those who prefer a slower-paced experience while still seeing key structures.
Circuit 3: Royalty Circuit (For History Lovers & Adventurers)
This circuit focuses on sacred sites and exclusive areas where Inca royalty and priests once lived.
Route 3-A: Wayna Picchu Mountain Route
Difficulty: Very High
Duration: ~3 hours
What You’ll See:
✔ A steep climb leading to breathtaking views.
✔ The Temple of the Moon, a ceremonial site carved inside a cave.
Wayna Picchu is the most famous and challenging hike, not recommended for those afraid of heights.
Route 3-B: Designed Royalty Route
Difficulty: Moderate
Duration: ~2 hours
What You’ll See:
✔ The Temple of the Sun, one of the most significant religious sites.
✔ The Inca’s House, believed to be a royal residence.
This route offers a deeper understanding of the spiritual importance of Machu Picchu.
Route 3-C: Great Cavern Route (High Season Only)
Difficulty: High
Duration: ~3.5 hours
What You’ll See:
✔ A hidden ceremonial site deep within the mountains.
Route 3-D: Huchuy Picchu Route (High Season Only)
Difficulty: Moderate
Duration: ~1 hour
What You’ll See:
✔ A short but rewarding hike with panoramic views.
This is a less strenuous alternative to Wayna Picchu.
Final Tips for Visiting Machu Picchu
A trip to Machu Picchu is a once-in-a-lifetime experience, but proper planning can make it even more enjoyable. Here are essential tips to help you have a smooth and unforgettable visit:
Book in Advance – Tickets Sell Out Quickly!
Machu Picchu has a daily visitor limit, and tickets often sell out weeks or even months in advance, especially during peak season (June to August). Each circuit has a limited number of spots, and high-demand routes like Wayna Picchu and Machu Picchu Mountain have even stricter limits.
✔ When to Book:
Peak Season (June – August): At least 2-3 months in advance.
Shoulder Season (April – May, September – October): At least 1 month in advance.
Low Season (November – March): Tickets are easier to find, but book at least 2 weeks ahead to be safe.
If you’re planning to hike the Inca Trail, remember that permits must be booked 6+ months in advance due to strict regulations.
✔ Where to Buy Tickets:
The official Peruvian Ministry of Culture website.
Authorized travel agencies and tour operators.
In-person at ticket offices in Cusco or Aguas Calientes, but availability is limited.
Acclimate to the Altitude – Avoid Altitude Sickness
Machu Picchu sits at 2,430 meters (7,970 feet) above sea level, and nearby Cusco is even higher at 3,400 meters (11,152 feet). If you’re flying directly to Cusco from a low-altitude area, you may experience altitude sickness, which can cause headaches, nausea, dizziness, and fatigue.
✔ How to Acclimate Properly:
Spend at least 1-2 days in Cusco or the Sacred Valley before visiting Machu Picchu. The Sacred Valley (e.g., Ollantaytambo) is lower in altitude than Cusco and a good place to adjust.
Drink plenty of water and avoid alcohol for the first 24-48 hours.
Try coca tea or soroche pills, both commonly used to relieve altitude symptoms.
If you’re worried about altitude sickness, consider traveling to Machu Picchu first via Aguas Calientes (which is at a lower altitude) and visiting Cusco afterward.
Visit in the Dry Season – Best Weather & Views
Machu Picchu is open year-round, but the best time to visit depends on your preferences:
✔ Dry Season (April – October)
Best for clear skies, sunny days, and breathtaking views.
Ideal for photography and hiking (e.g., Wayna Picchu, Inca Trail).
Crowds are highest in June – August, so book early.
✔ Rainy Season (November – March)
More lush greenery and fewer tourists.
Higher chances of rain and fog, which may obscure views.
The Inca Trail closes in February for maintenance.
If you hate crowds but still want good weather, visit during the shoulder months (April, May, September, October).
Dress in Layers – Be Ready for Weather Changes
Machu Picchu has a microclimate, meaning weather can change rapidly throughout the day. Mornings are often chilly, while afternoons can be warm and sunny. Rain showers can appear suddenly, even in the dry season.
✔ What to Wear:
Lightweight, breathable clothes for daytime.
A warm jacket or fleece for mornings and evenings.
Comfortable, waterproof hiking shoes (trails can be slippery).
A rain jacket or poncho (especially during rainy season).
A hat, sunglasses, and sunscreen (the sun is strong at high altitudes).
Avoid wearing flip-flops or sandals, as Machu Picchu has uneven stone paths that require proper footwear.
Travel Light – Pack Smart for a Hassle-Free Visit
Large backpacks are not allowed inside Machu Picchu. You can bring a small daypack (under 20 liters) with essentials.
✔ Must-Have Items:
Passport (required for entry – also get it stamped at the entrance!).
Water bottle (bring a reusable one to reduce plastic waste).
Snacks (energy bars, nuts, or fruit – but no big meals allowed).
Camera or smartphone (drones are strictly prohibited).
Bug spray (mosquitoes can be a nuisance).
You can store larger bags at your hotel in Aguas Calientes or at the luggage storage near the entrance (for a small fee).
Follow the Rules – Help Preserve This Wonder
Machu Picchu is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and its preservation depends on responsible tourism. To protect the ruins, the following rules are strictly enforced:
❌ Prohibited:
Drones, tripods, and selfie sticks (they can damage the site and disturb other visitors).
Jumping, running, or climbing on the ruins (it’s strictly forbidden).
Loud music, shouting, or disruptive behavior (Machu Picchu is a sacred site).
Bringing food inside (small snacks are okay, but no big meals).
✔ Responsible Tourism Tips:
Stick to designated paths – Avoid stepping on fragile ruins.
Respect local guides and rangers – They’re there to protect the site.
Take only photos, leave only footprints – Do not take rocks or plants as souvenirs.
Failing to follow the rules could result in being escorted out or even banned from future visits.
Plan Your Transportation – Getting There & Back
Machu Picchu is not directly accessible by road. To get there, most visitors take a combination of:
Train from Cusco or Ollantaytambo to Aguas Calientes (1.5 – 4 hours).
Bus from Aguas Calientes to Machu Picchu’s entrance (30 minutes).
Hiking alternatives:
Inca Trail (4 days – requires advance booking).
Alternative treks (Salkantay, Lares, or Inca Jungle).
Walking up from Aguas Calientes (takes 1.5 – 2 hours).
Conclusion
Machu Picchu’s new circuit system offers visitors a more organized and immersive experience. Whether you look for breathtaking views, historical exploration, or adventurous hikes, there’s a perfect route.
Need help planning your trip? Our Cusco-based travel agency, Viagens Machu Picchu, ensures a seamless experience in the citadel and other destinations around Peru. Feel free to contact us today and let’s make your Machu Picchu dream come true!
Viagens Machu Picchu, journeys that inspire, moments that last.